Doctor of Medicine, University of Bristol
( the medical equivalent of a Ph. D )
1997.


Fellow of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists, 1990.


Fellow in Ophthalmology of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, 1990.


Diploma in Ophthalmology, the Royal College of Surgeons of London, 1987.


Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1985.